How to Install MongoDB on CentOS 8

MongoDB is a free and open-source document database. It belongs to a family of databases called NoSQL, which is different from the traditional table-based SQL databases like MySQL and PostgreSQL.

In MongoDB, data is stored in flexible, JSON-like
documents where fields can vary from document to document. It does not require a predefined schema, and data structure can be changed over time.

This tutorial explains how to install and configure MongoDB Community Edition on a CentOS 8 server.

Installing MongoDB #

MongoDB is not available in CentOS 8 core repositories. We’ll enable the official MongoDB repository and install the packages.

At the time of writing this article, the latest version of MongoDB available from the official MongoDB repositories is version 4.2. Before starting with the installation, visit the Install on Red Hat
section of MongoDB’s documentation and check if there is a new release available.

Perform the following steps as root or user with sudo privileges
to install MongoDB on a CentOS 8 system:

1. Enable the MongoDB repository by creating a new repository file named mongodb-org.repo inside the /etc/yum.repos.d/ directory:

   sudo nano /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org.repo

   /etc/yum.repos.d/mongodb-org.repo

   [mongodb-org-4.2]
   name=MongoDB Repository
   baseurl=https://repo.mongodb.org/yum/redhat/$releasever/mongodb-org/4.2/x86_64/
   gpgcheck=1
   enabled=1
   gpgkey=https://www.mongodb.org/static/pgp/server-4.2.asc

   If you want to install an older version of MongoDB, replace each instance of 4.2 with your preferred version.

2. Install the mongodb-org meta-package:

   sudo dnf install mongodb-org

   During the installation you will prompted you to import the MongoDB GPG key. Type y and hit Enter.

   The following packages will be installed on your system as a part of the mongodb-org package:

   • mongodb-org-server – The mongod daemon, and corresponding init scripts and configurations.
   • mongodb-org-mongos – The mongos daemon.
   • mongodb-org-shell – The mongo shell, an interactive JavaScript interface to MongoDB, used to perform administrative tasks thought the command line.
   • mongodb-org-tools – Contains several MongoDB tools for importing and exporting data, statistics, as well as other utilities.

3. Once the installation is completed, enable and start the MongoDB service:

   sudo systemctl enable mongod --now

4. To verify the installation, connect to the MongoDB database server and print the server version:

   mongo

   Run the following command to display the MongoDB version:

   The output will look like something like this:

   4.2.3

Configuring MongoDB #

The MongoDB configuration file is named mongod.conf and is located in the /etc directory. The file is in YAML
format.

The default configuration settings are sufficient in most cases. However, for production environments, we recommend uncommenting the security section and enabling authorization as shown below:

/etc/mongod.conf

security:
  authorization: enabled

The authorization option enables Role-Based Access Control (RBAC)
that regulates users access to database resources and operations. If this option is disabled, each user will have access to any database and execute any action.

After making changes to the MongoDB configuration file, restart the mongod service:

sudo systemctl restart mongod

For more information about the MongoDB configuration options visit, the Configuration File Options
documentation page.

Creating Administrative MongoDB User #

If you enabled the MongoDB authentication, you’ll need to create an administrative user that can access and manage the MongoDB instance.

First, access the MongoDB shell with:

mongo

Type the following command to connect to the admin database:

use admin

switched to db admin

Create a new user named mongoAdmin with the userAdminAnyDatabase role:

db.createUser(  {    user: "mongoAdmin",     pwd: "changeMe",     roles: [ { role: "userAdminAnyDatabase", db: "admin" } ]  })

Successfully added user: {
	"user" : "mongoAdmin",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
			"db" : "admin"
		}
	]
}

Exit the mongo shell with:

quit()

To test the changes, access the mongo shell using the administrative user you have previously created:

mongo -u mongoAdmin -p --authenticationDatabase admin

MongoDB shell version v4.2.3
Enter password:

use admin

switched to db admin

Now, print the users with:

show users

{
	"_id" : "admin.mongoAdmin",
	"user" : "mongoAdmin",
	"db" : "admin",
	"roles" : [
		{
			"role" : "userAdminAnyDatabase",
			"db" : "admin"
		}
	],
	"mechanisms" : [
		"SCRAM-SHA-1",
		"SCRAM-SHA-256"
	]
}

Conclusion #

We’ve shown you how to install and configure MongoDB 4.2 on your CentOS 8 server.

Consult The MongoDB 4.2 Manual
for more information on this topic.

If you hit a problem or have feedback, leave a comment below.